A Conceptual Framework for Assessing the Social Impact of SDG Bootcamps

Integrating Causal Pathways, SROI, and System Dynamics

Abstract

This study develops a conceptual framework for assessing the social impact of Sustainability
Development Goals (SDG) bootcamps, addressing the lack of structured and theory-driven evaluation
models in sustainability-oriented experiential education. While SDG bootcamps are widely adopted as
innovative learning platforms, existing research has primarily focused on descriptive outcomes, with
limited attention to the underlying mechanisms and systemic dynamics of impact generation.
To bridge this gap, this study proposes the SDG Bootcamp Social Impact Assessment (SDG-BSIA)
framework, which integrates three complementary theoretical perspectives: causal pathway modeling,
Social Return on Investment (SROI)-based value logic, and system dynamics. The framework
conceptualizes social impact as a multi-level and evolving process, beginning with individual learning
and competency development, extending to behavioral change and community-level outcomes, and
ultimately contributing to broader sustainability transformation.

The causal pathway model explicates the mechanisms through which experiential learning translates into
societal impact, while the SROI-based value logic captures the multi-dimensional nature of value
creation, including social, environmental, and educational dimensions. Furthermore, the system loop
perspective highlights the recursive and adaptive nature of impact, emphasizing feedback loops and the
role of stakeholder interactions within a broader impact ecosystem.
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As a conceptual study, this research contributes to the literature by advancing a structured, integrative,
and theory-driven approach to understanding social impact in sustainability education. It shifts the
analytical focus from static outcome measurement to dynamic impact processes and systemic
transformation. The proposed framework also provides practical implications for educators, program
designers, and policymakers in designing and evaluating SDG-related initiatives.
Future research is encouraged to empirically validate the framework across diverse contexts and to
explore the integration of data-driven and ESG-oriented evaluation approaches to enhance the
robustness and applicability of social impact assessment in sustainability education.