Developing Creative Self-Directed Learning Skills Of 12Th-Grade Students in Thai History Course by Using Problem-Based Learning

Abstract

The objectives of this research were 1) to examine the level of creative self-directed learning skills before and after the learning management 2) to develop students’ creative self-directed learning skills and 3) to propose learning management guidelines for Grade 12 students in Thai History by using Problem-Based Learning (PBL). This study employed a mixed-method research design. The quantitative phase consisted of classroom action research conducted in two cycles to address objectives 1 and 2.
The participants were 82 Grade 12 students, voluntarily selected. The research instruments included lesson plans, a learning management evaluation form, a skills assessment form, and a behavioral observation form. Hypotheses were analyzed using the paired-samples t-test for mean comparison, while descriptive statistics frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used for data analysis. The qualitative phase, conducted to address objective 3, involved six key informants: students and co-learning teachers. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed using content analysis, with reliability ensured through validation by key informants.

              The research results were revealed as follows:

1. 1. Students' mean scores for creative self-directed learning skills after the intervention were significantly higher than the scores before the intervention at the .05 level of statistical significance.
2. 2. Students' creative self-directed learning skills met the established criteria in the second action research cycle, and the overall mean score of the skill assessment was at a high level.
3. 3. The proposed guidelines for improving learning management recommend reducing the teacher's role, increasing student skill development, shifting assessment from product-focused to process-focused, and integrating technology, particularly artificial intelligence, into instruction.