EDUCATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY WHEN THE WORLD CHANGES, TEACHERS CHANGE, STUDENTS CHANGE

Abstract

This academic article aims to analyze the global transformations of the 21st century impacting education, explore the evolving roles of teachers and students within new learning contexts, and propose strategies for adapting the Thai education system to align with these contemporary demands. The study employs a documentary research methodology, utilizing analysis and synthesis of data from academic textbooks, research papers, and relevant literature. Findings reveal that rapid technological and socio-economic shifts have rendered traditional rote-learning systems inadequate. Consequently, the teacher's role must transition from a sole knowledge transmitter to a learning facilitator and experience designer equipped with digital literacy and coaching skills. Simultaneously, students must shift from passive recipients to active creators of knowledge through active learning approaches, such as inquiry-based and problem-based learning, which emphasize critical thinking, complex problem-solving, and adaptability. The study concludes that reforming Thai education necessitates implementing competency-based curricula with real-world integration, fostering multi-sectoral collaboration, and investing in technology for equitable access. Furthermore, integrating Buddhist principles into educational practices is highlighted as a vital approach to fostering ethical and intellectual growth, thereby preparing citizens to navigate future uncertainties effectively.