Corrections, Retractions, Complaints, and Appeals

JCBE is committed to maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record.

If significant errors are identified after publication, the Journal may publish an appropriate correction.

If serious problems substantially affect the reliability or integrity of an article, including plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, unethical research, or duplicate publication, the Journal may issue a retraction.

Where serious concerns remain under investigation, the Journal may publish an Expression of Concern.

Authors may submit an appeal against an editorial decision where they believe that significant academic or procedural matters have been overlooked. Appeals must clearly explain the basis for reconsideration and provide relevant supporting information.

The Journal also welcomes legitimate concerns regarding published articles or editorial procedures. Such concerns will be considered fairly, confidentially, and without retaliation against individuals raising concerns in good faith.